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水份測定儀

水份測定儀

使用容量法或庫倫法測定的完整解決方案：來自世界領先供應商的滴定儀、配件和專有技術。

產品系列 知識中心 配件 為什麼選擇 Metrohm ? 常見問答

無論您有什麼需求 – 我們都有適合您的 Karl Fischer 水份測定儀

我們的 Karl Fischer 卡爾費雪水份測定儀產品系列包括用於常規水份測定的精巧型一體式選擇以及用於對 0.001 至 100% 的水份含量進行容量法和庫侖式 Karl Fischer 卡爾費雪滴定的全自動 Karl Fischer 卡爾費雪系統。使用篩選來選擇您的搜尋並找到最適合您的 Karl Fischer 卡爾費雪水份測定儀。您在尋找電位滴定儀嗎？前往我們的電位滴定儀

尋找 Karl Fischer 卡爾費雪滴定的應用

可靠、準確的測量 – KF 水份測定儀的組成

為什麼選擇 Metrohm Karl Fischer 卡爾費雪水份測定儀 ? – 悠久的成功歷史

Karl Fischer 卡爾費雪滴定法是藥典和眾多標準 ( 例如 ASTM 或 DIN ) 中測定水分含量的首選方法。70 多年來，Metrohm 一直致力於提供可靠的卡爾費雪滴定解決方案。自此開始，儀器不斷改進，以滿足使用者的需求。

  • 從一家供應商即可獲得從緊湊型、桌上型解決方案到模組化自動化系統的完整產品系列，包括容量法和庫侖法卡爾費雪滴定的配件和軟體。
  • 值得信賴的瑞士製造品質
  • 憑藉我們遍佈全球超過 80 個國家的業務網絡，我們的客服工程師和應用專家將為您提供專業的在地支援

閱讀我們應用專家撰寫的 100 多篇應用說明，來深入了解更多關於 KF 滴定法的資訊：

前往搜尋應用

除了卡爾費雪水分測定儀外，Metrohm 還提供各種電位滴定儀和強大的線上製程分析解決方案。

Metrohm 電位滴定儀

Metrohm TI 線上濃度分析儀

Karl Fischer 卡爾費雪水分測定儀 – 常見問答

Karl Fischer (KF) titrators are used for measuring both free and bound water content. With the KF method, you can, for instance, determine the surface water on crystals as well as the water contained within the crystals.

  • KF titrators can be used for moisture determination (i.e., water content determination) in all sample types: liquids, solids, slurries, and gases​
  • KF titrators are applied over a wide concentration range from ppm up to 100%​
  • KF titrators are fast and highly selective​
  • KF titrators supply reproducible and correct results​

A Karl Fischer (KF) titrator determines water content in samples using a specific chemical reaction. The process is based on two redox reactions involving classical alcohol-based Karl Fischer reagents. Methanol and sulfur dioxide form an alkyl sulfurous acid, which, in the presence of water and iodine, is oxidized in a water-consuming reaction. The reaction stops when all the water is consumed, and a small excess of iodine signals the endpoint of the titration

Manual or fully automated Karl Fischer instruments are available. Metrohm offers various solutions:​

  • The OMNIS KF titrator can be extended by an OMNIS Sample Robot to perform up to four fully automated titrations at the same time with automated sample changing for non-stop titration: Go to automation options for OMNIS KF titrators​ ​
  • The KF Titrando and the KF Ti-Touch offer the option to add automated thermal sample preparation for samples that cannot be titrated directly: Go to automation options for KF Titrando or KF Ti-Touch​

 

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When selecting a KF titrator, consider:

  • Water content range: Use coulometry for trace levels (ppm) and volumetry for higher concentrations.

  • Sample type: Liquids, solids, or gases may require different accessories (e.g., oven method for solids).

  • Throughput: For high sample volumes, automation (e.g., OMNIS Sample Robot) boosts efficiency.

  • Compliance needs: Ensure the system supports GMP/GLP, 21 CFR Part 11, and pharmacopeia standards.

  • Modularity: Metrohm’s OMNIS platform grows with your lab – start small and expand as needed.

Our Karl Fischer experts are happy to assist you with your questions:

Contact us

Metrohm is present in over 80 countries to ensure local training and support.

Metrohm offers:

  • On-site installation and training

  • Application support from our global network of experts

  • Webinars, tutorials, and documentation

The table below compares volumetric KF titration (volumetry) to coulometric KF titration (coulometry).

  Volumetric KF titration  Coulometric KF titration
Moisture 0,1% to 100% 0,001% to 1%
Sample addition

solid or pasty samples can be added directly into the titration vessel (opening a volumetric titration cell for a short period of time does not falsify the results)

liquid samples are added with syringe through a septum

liquids or gases are added with syringe through a septum: to avoid ambient humidity to enter the titration cell, never open a coulometric cell
Titer determination  regularly not necessary
lodine addition/generation iodine-containing titrant is added via buret produced by a generator electrode by anodic oxidation

 

Learn more in our blog article:

Blog: Karl Fischer titration – When to use volumetry or coulometry

To carry out volumetric titrations, you need a KF titrator with a completely equipped titration vessel, indicator electrode, dosing unit, and suitable reagents for volumetric KF titration.

For coulometric titrations, you need a coulometer, with a completely equipped titration cell, indicator electrode, a generator electrode with or without diaphragm, and a reagent suitable for coulometric KF titrations.

Low levels of water in the range of 0.001% up to 1% are analyzed best with a Coulometer.

Depending on the water content, you need to select the appropriate generator electrode. The generator electrode without diaphragm combines easy handling with reliable results. For the determination of trace level water contents, we recommend using the generator electrode with diaphragm.​

Metrohm offers various Coulometers, from basic stand-alone versions to high-end computer-controlled coulometric systems with automation and sample preparation options:

Go to coulometric Karl Fischer titrators

Trace levels of water in solvents and oils are analyzed best with a Coulometer.

Depending on the water content and which KF reagent you use, you have to select the appropriate generator electrode. With the generator electrode without diaphragm, only one reagent is required. The generator electrode with diaphragm is recommended for the determination of very low water contents and when using KF reagents containing solubilizers (e.g., chloroform).​

Metrohm offers various Coulometers:

Go to coulometric Karl Fischer titrators

There is no general answer to this question. The optimal KF method depends on the water content of the sample and not on the sample size.

Read our blog article to learn more about this topic:

Blog: Karl Fischer titration – When to use volumetry or coulometry

Low levels of water are analyzed best with a Coulometer. The coulometric method is very sensitive. Therefore, we do not recommend opening the titration cell to add a solid sample. Atmospheric moisture would falsify the results.

The oven method is the optimal solution for solids with low water content. Learn more about the oven method in our blog and application bulletin:

Blog: Oven method for sample preparation in Karl Fischer titration

Application Bulletin: Automatic Karl Fischer water content determination with the 874 Oven Sample Processor

Watch the following video to see the OMNIS Coulometer and OMNIS Sample Robot Oven in action.

Yes, it is possible to perform volumetric and coulometric Karl Fischer Titration  with one instrument.

The 852 Titrando offers the option to perform volumetric and coulometric KF titrations.

Explore the additional benefits of the KF Titrando product family:

See KF Titrando

The OMNIS Titrator or the OMNIS Coulometer can be upgraded with an OMNIS Coulometer Module or an OMNIS Dosing Module to allow volumetric and coulometric titrations with the same titration system.

Learn more about the modularity of the OMNIS platform:

See OMNIS platform

Yes, potentiometric and Karl Fischer (volumetric and coulometric) titrations can both be run on an OMNIS titrator. OMNIS titrators offer unparalleled modularity and allow adding functionality at any time. Additional titration modes can be combined and added whenever needed.

This modularity is unique to Metrohm's OMNIS platform, allowing laboratories to adjust quickly. Learn more about the modularity of OMNIS:

See OMNIS titrators

Yes, the OMNIS Coulometer allows coulometric bromine index determinations according to ASTM D1492-08.

See OMNIS Coulometer

您想了解更多關於卡爾費雪滴定法的知識嗎？

下載免費專刊

免費專刊《卡爾費雪滴定法測定水分》涵蓋了試劑、化學反應、容量法分析和庫侖法分析、檢測方法以及副反應等理論方面的內容。隨後，它將介紹不同基質（例如化妝品、石油化學產品、塑膠等）中的水分測定方法。