Fully automated determination of bismuth(III) in aqueous solution

Bismuth is slightly soluble in water and precipitates quickly at a pH higher than 3. Therefore, bismuth is normally analyzed by adding an excess of ETDA solution to the sample and then performing a back titration with copper sulfate. This Application Note shows how to determine the bismuth content automatically in aqueous solution with potentiometric titration.

Download AN-T-105 (EN)