Applications relatives au pH, aux ions, à l'OD et à la conductivité
La mesure des concentrations à l'aide de capteurs est l'une des méthodes analytiques les plus simples qui soient. Nos experts ont compilé de nombreux documents d'application sur les mesures de pH, d'ions, d'oxygène dissous et de conductivité de divers échantillons.
Utilisez les filtres pour rechercher les applications par analyte/paramètre, matrice d'échantillon, norme ou industrie.
- AB-083Sodium analysis by ion-selective electrode
This document explains how to measure Na ion concentration in diverse matrices with a sodium ion-selective electrode (Na-ISE) using direct measurement and standard addition.
- AN-I-035Sodium content in food using an ion-selective electrode
Excess sodium intake increases the risk of health issues. Ion-selective electrodes (ISEs) offer a fast, accurate, and cost-effective method for measuring sodium in food.
- AN-I-036Sodium content in water using an ion-selective electrode
Groundwater contains many minerals, but can be contaminated by sodium-rich leachate from landfills. Accurate Na determination in water is possible following AOAC 976.25 using the Na-ISE.
- AB-437Installation instructions TitrIC flex II
This document describes the recommended equipment, installation, and software handling instructions for the TitrIC flex II system combining IC and titration.
- AB-436Installation instructions TitrIC flex I
This document describes the recommended equipment, installation, and software handling instructions for the TitrIC flex I system combining IC and titration.
- AN-T-235Détermination du pH dans le noir de carbone
La valeur du pH dans le noir de carbone, un additif essentiel dans les batteries lithium-ion modernes, est analysée de manière précise et fiable dans cette note d'application en utilisant le pH-mètre 913 équipé d'un Unitrode easyClean conformément à l'ASTM D1512 ainsi qu'à l'ISO 787-9 et au GB/T 1717-1986.
- AN-I-009Cyanide in water
Cyanides are used in some industrial processes, but if not handled carefully, they could contaminate the wastewater. In an acidic or neutral environment, this contaminated wastewater can form highly toxic hydrogen cyanide gas. Furthermore, the cyanide salts could also poison the environment and enter the ground water system. Therefore, it is essential to monitor the content of cyanide in effluent water. Cyanides can be easily determined with a cyanide ion-selective electrode. This application note presents a method for cyanide analysis according to APHA Method 4500-CN and ASTM D2036.
- AN-I-028Dissolved oxygen in surface water
Oxygen diffuses into water sources from the air via aeration, however several factors can reduce the dissolved oxygen (DO) content in water. First, as water warms up, oxygen is released into the atmosphere. Secondly, oxygen is consumed by bacteria and other microorganisms which feed on organic material. Finally, plants can also consume oxygen in certain situations.Human-induced alterations can have a negative influence on surface water when DO values fall below crucial limits for maintaining the life supporting capacity of freshwater ecosystems. Therefore, monitoring the DO content in surface water by an optical sensor to assess its quality is important.
- AN-PAN-1040Ammonia in cooling water of thermal power plants
Thermal power plants require enormous amounts of water, using high purity steam at high pressure to rotate turbines. A separate cooling water circuit is implemented, which helps to form a vacuum when the steam condenses after the turbines. Maintaining this vacuum with optimal condensation parameters is critical for the power plant efficiency. The copper condensers are susceptible to corrosion by ammonia, leading to an upper limit of 2 mg/L NH3 set by EPRI in cooling water. Small cracks in the condenser combined with the large pressure differential between the steam circuit and the cooling water circuit will contaminate the high purity water in the boiler, causing major problems and necessitating a shutdown for plant maintenance. Monitoring NH3 online in cooling water with a process analyzer can signal early problems in a plant before significant intermediation is necessary.
- AN-PAN-1056Online monitoring of sodium in industrial power plants
In power plants, corrosion is the greatest enemy. If corrosive impurities are present in the circuit streams (e.g., chlorides and hydroxides), deposition of an insulating layer of scale on the heat transfer surfaces occurs, resulting in costly and critical downtimes. To ensure high throughput of power plants, online analysis of critical parameters such as sodium is highly advantageous for safety, protection, and process optimization. With the 2035 Process Analyzer from Metrohm Process Analytics, operators gain the information they need to accurately identify trends, reduce downtimes, and address operational issues before costly problems arise.
