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This article describes the investigation using ion chromatography and subsequent inductively coupled plasma mass spectronomy (ICP/MS) to determine the extent to which the iron(III) flocculation carried out in the context of wastewater treatment releases toxic gadolinium(III) ions as the result of recomplexing.

Ion chromatography is used as a high-performance analysis method in numerous applications. For complex analysis tasks, alternative detectors such as the amperometric detector or the UV/VIS detector are often also used in addition to the conductivity detector. This article describes the areas of utilization of the amperometric detector. Catchword: Antibiotics

In the event of a large number of samples, it makes sense to apply automation to the individual steps of COD determination. This article indicates the extent to which automation can be applied for the determination of chemical oxygen demand with the help of a system especially designed for that purpose.

The rapid growth of the Earth's population has led to massive increases in the consumption of energy and resources and in the production of consumer products and chemicals. It is estimated that 17 million chemical compounds are currently on the market, of which 100,000 are produced on a large industrial scale. Many of these enter the environment. This leads to a demand for sensitive analytical procedures and high-performance analytical instruments.pH value, conductivity and oxygen requirement are important characteristics in water and soil analysis. The first two of these can be determined rapidly; for the third, the titration that is used is also the one used in numerous single determinations. This article describes several important standard-compliant determinations in water and soil analysis.

Combustion IC (CIC) stands for the automated combination of combustion digestion and ion chromatography. In a single analysis step, the CIC enables the parallel detection of halogens and sulfur in complex matrices. The method requires neither a separate method development for combustion nor an internal standard for quantification.

On the basis of the experiments that have been performed, it is possible to determine the effectiveness of the ozonization of iodized X-ray contrast media using IC-ICP-MS via the amount of iodate formed. Whereas a 120-minute ozonization guarantees a practically quantitative decomposition of amidotrizoic acid to iodate, approximately 16% of the Iomeprol is still present under the same ozonization conditions. Given that only 14% is present in iodate form in the absence of iodide anions and given that additional, not yet identified peaks occur in the ion chromatogram, the presence of additional decomposition products containing iodine must be assumed. Nonetheless, it is not possible to detect the intact iodized X-ray contrast media with the selected ion chromatographic conditions. Furthermore, the possibility exists of identifying the peak of the unknown decomposition product of the Iomeprol using IC-ESI-TOF-MS.

With a pH meter, the pH value can easily be measured, read directly, and then immediately archived in accordance with GLP. This article summarizes the most important points to consider considered before taking a pH measurement to verify the accuracy of the results.

This article describes the composition of atmospheric inorganic gases and aerosols in the Southeast and Northwest of the United States during a time period of several weeks. The semicontinuous sampling in hourly cycles takes place using the MARGA system from Metrohm Applikon. The temporal resolution of the aerosol and gas composition makes it possible to generate statements regarding the chemical origin and hygroscopicity of the particles. These are fundamental for rating the influence of aerosols on the climate.

Chromate is allergenic, carcinogenic and extremely toxic. It is therefore subject to strict monitoring. It is present in different concentrations in drinking water, toys, textiles, leather and many other materials. Metrohm has developed various methods for ion chromatographic determination of chromium(VI) which, thanks to Inline Sample Preparation, are suitable for a variety of matrices and concentration ranges – from ng/L to mg/L.

Karl Fischer titration performs specific and precise water determinations. This is why it is numbered among the most frequently used laboratory methods throughout the world. The accompanying articles for the two webinars on basic principles and troubleshooting with respect to titration summarize certain core information that they contain, including among other subjects the handling of electrodes, the conditioning of titration cells and the significance of drift for Karl Fischer titration.